Gochang dolmen site was registered as the world heritage because it has densely distributed dolmens at a region, is an important relic to investigate the formation and progress of dolmen and has unique features which are not incomparable to those of Europe, China and Japan.
Dolmens were distributed around Jukrim-ri and Sanggab-ri, Gochang. Dolmen group was distributed along the Sungteulbong and the southern foot of the Jungbong in two or three rows toward a contour direction. This layout was the same as the direction of the Gochang stream running in front of the site.
The greatest feature of Gochang dolmen was 442 densely distributed dolmens within the narrow range of 1.8 km. 53 dolmens were in course 1, 41 in course 2, 128 in course 3 and 220 in course 5. These dolmens were the most densely distributed in the world and it Such a distribution of dolmens was the most dense in the world and could be the treasure of the representative megalithic culture in Korea.
Dolmens of various types like table-type, go-table type and capstone-type dolmens were distributed in a place, Gochang. Especially, table-type dolmens at Dosan-ri showed wide eaves and thin capstones like those of North Korea and Liaoning province, those at Jukrim-ri showed low grave room exposed to the ground and thick capstones, which were free from a typical table-type dolmen. Most of dolmens at Gochang were go-table type dolmens supported by stones and appeared to be megalithic. Also go-table type dolmens supported by pill-shaped stones showed grand and artificial sense as one of characteristic factors of Gochang dolmens.
Dolmens at Dosan-ri were at Dosan village 1.0 km away from Gochang Dolmen Museum and dolmens are in the village. Total five dolmens including one table-type dolmen and two go-table type dolmens and two capstone-type dolmens were distributed at the hill of 43 m above sea level and these were designated as Historical Site No. 391 with dolmen group at Jukrim-ri.
Table-type dolmens had grave room built with wide flagstone, which was exposed to the ground and it was called table type as it looked like table. Dolmen at Dosan-ri known as a typical table-type dolmen was also known well as Jangdokdae dolmen. Capstones of dolmen with the size of 350x310x38cm and two upright stones were used and its size was 314x164x30cm and 307x168x26cm. There was a groove mark on the side of capstone for fixing a string when capstone was moved, flat stones within 20cm in length was used as reinforced stone between upright stones and capstones and soil was filled in the gap.
